NC Cooperative Extension

Heart & Soul
A Collection of Heart Healthy Southern Foods
Substitutin' Ingredients


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Heart and Soul

Substitutin' Ingredients

Substituted ingredients may not perform exactly as the original in the recipe. Each ingredient has a specific function, and a substitute may alter the flavor, color, texture, or volume, but will still result in an acceptable product. All of these substitutes are not "heart healthy" however, we wanted to include them since we all get in a "pinch" once in a while when we don't have the necessary ingredient on hand.


All spice ground
1 tsp
* 1/2 tsp. cinnamon plus 1/2 tsp. ground cloves
Apple pie spice
1 tsp.
* 1 tsp. cinnamon, 1/4 tsp. nutmeg and 1/8 tsp. cardamom
Arrowroot starch
1 tsp.
* 1 Tbsp. flour
* 1 tsp. cornstarch
Baking powder
1 tsp.
* 1/4 tsp. baking soda, 1/2 tsp. cream of tartar and 1/4 tsp. cornstarch
* 1/3 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. cream of tartar
* 1/4 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. sour milk or buttermilk
(decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/2 cup)
* 1/4 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. lemon juice or vinegar used wtih sweet milk to make 1/2 cup
(decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/2 cup)
* 1 1/2 tsp. phosphate or tartrate baking powder
Bay leaf
1 whole
* 1/4 tsp. crushed
Broth, or Chicken
1 cup
*1 bouillon cube dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
* 1 cup boiling water
* 1 tsp. powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
* 1 envelope powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
Butter
1 cup
* 7/8 to 1 cup hydrogenated fat and 1/2 tsp. salt
* 1 cup margarine
* 7/8 cup oil plus 1/2 tsp. salt
Catsup
1 cup
* 1 cup tomato sauce, 1/2 cup sugar, and 2 tbsp. vinegar (for use in cooking)
Chili sauce
1 cup
* 1 cup tomato sauce, 1/4 cup brown sugar, 2 Tbsp. vinegar, 1/4 tsp. cinnamon, dash of ground cloves and dash of allspice
Chives, finely chopped
2 tsp.
* 2 tsp. green onion tops, finely chopped
Chocolate chips, semisweet
1 ounce
* 1 ounce sweet cooking chocolate
Chocolate, semisweet
1 2/3 ounces
* 1 ounce unsweetened chocolate and 4 tsp. sugar
Chocolate, semisweet chips, melted
6-ounce pk
* 2 squares unsweetened chocolate, 2 tbsp. shortening, 1/2 cup sugar melted
Chocolate, unsweetened
1 square or 1 oz
* 3 Tbsp cocoa and 1 Tbsp. fat
Cocoa
1/4 cup or
4 Tbsp.
* 1 ounce (square)chocolate (decrease fat called for in recipe by 1/2 Tbsp.)
Coconut
1 Tbsp. grated, dry
* 1 1/2 Tbsp. fresh grated coconut
Coconut cream
1 cup
* 1 cup whipping cream
Coconut milk
1 cup
* 1 cup whole milk
Cornmeal, self-rising
1 cup
* 7/8 cup plain, 1 1/2 Tbsp. baking powder, and 1/2 tsp. salt
Corn syrup
1 cup
* 1 cup sugar and 1/4 liquid (use whatever liquid is called for in the recipe)
* 1 cup honey
Cornstarch
(for thickening)
1 Tbsp.
* 2 Tbsp. all-purpose flour
* 2 Tbsp. granulated tapioca
Cracker crumbs
3/4 cup
* 1 cup dry bread crumbs
Cream, half-and-half
1 cup

* 7/8 cup mild and 1/2 Tbsp. butter or margarine

* 1 cup evaporated milk, undiluted
* 1/2 cup coffee cream plus 1/2 cup milk
Cream, heavy
1 cup
* 3/4 cup milk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine (for use in cooking or baking)
Cream, light
1 cup
* 3/4 cup milk and 3 Tbsp. butter or margarine (for use in cooking or baking)
* 1 cup evaporated milk, undiluted
Cream, whipped
any amount
* Chill a 13 oz. can of evaporated milk for 12 hours. Add 1 Tbsp. lemon juice. Whip until stiff.
Cream of tartar
1/2 tsp.
* 1 1/2 tsp. lemon juice or vinegar
Dill plant,
fresh or dried
3 heads
* 1 Tbsp. dill seed
Egg
1 whole
(3 Tbsp.)
* 3 Tbsp. and 1 tsp. thawed frozen egg
* 2-1/2 Tbsp. sifted, dry whole egg powder and 2-1/2 Tbsp. warm water
* 2 yolks (in custards, cream fillings, and similar mixtures)
* 1/2 tsp. baking powder, 1 Tbsp. vinegar, and 1 Tbsp. liquid (in baking)
* 1 egg in every 3 can be replaced with 1 Tbsp. cornstarch in baking
* 1/4 cup commercial egg substitute
Egg white
1 white
(2 Tbsp.)
* 2 Tbsp. thawed frozen egg
* 2 tsp. sifted, dry egg white powder and 2 Tbsp. lukewarm water
Egg yolk
1 yolk
(1-1/2 tsp.)
* 2 Tbsp. sifted, dry egg yolk powder and 2 tsp. water
* 1-1/3 Tbsp. thawed frozen egg yolk
Flour, all-purpose
(for thickening)
1 tbsp.
* 1-1/2 tsp. cornstarch, arrowroot starch, potato starch, or rice
Flour, all-purpose
1 cup sifted
* 1 cup plus 2 Tbsp. cake flour
* 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp. unsifted all-purpose flour
Note: Specialty flours added to yeast bread recipes will resuly in a reduced volume and heavier product.
* 1 cup rolled oats
* 1/3 cup cornmeal or soybean flour and 2/3 cup all-purpose flour
* 1/2 cup cornmeal, bran, rice flour, rye flour or whole wheat flour and 1/2 cup all-purpose flour
* 3/4 cup whole wheat flour or bran flour and 1/4 cup all-purpose flour
* 1 cup rye or rice flour
* 1/4 cup soybean flour and 3/4 cup all-purpose flour
Flour, cake
1 cup sifted
* 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp. sifted all-purpose flour
Flour, self-rising
1 cup
* 1 cup all-purpose flour and 1-1/2 tsp. baking powder and 1/2 tsp. salt
Flour, wheat
any amount
* substitute whole wheat flour whole for 1/4 to 1/2 of the white flour called for in a recipe
Garlic
1 clove small
* 1/8 tsp. garlic powder or instant minced garlic
* 1/2-1 tsp. garlic salt(reduce amount salt called for in recipe)
Gelatin, flavored
3 ounce pk
* 1 Tbsp. plain gelatin and 2 cups fruit juice
Ginger
1/8 tsp., powdered
* 1 Tbsp. candied ginger rinsed in water to remove sugar, then finely cut
* 1 Tbsp raw ginger
Herbs, fresh
1 Tbsp. finely cut
* 1 tsp. dried herbs
Honey
1 cup
* 1-1/4 cup sugar and 1/4 cup liquid (use liquid called for in recipe)
Horseradish
1 Tbsp. fresh
* 2 Tbsp. bottled
Lemon
1 tsp. juice
* 1/2 tsp. vinegar
Lemon
1 medium
* 2-3 Tbsp. juice and 1-2 tsp. rind
Lemon peel, dried
1 tsp.
* 1-2 tsp. grated frated fresh lemon peel
* grated peel of 1 medium lemon
* 1/2 tsp. lemon extract
Macaroni,
(4 cups cooked)
2 cups uncooked
* 2 cups spaghetti, uncooked
* 4 cups noodles, uncooked
Maple sugar
1/2 cup
* 1 cup maple syrup
Maple sugar
(grated and packed)
1 Tbsp.
* 1 Tbsp. white, granulated sugar
Maple Syrup
about 2 cups
* Combine 2 cups sugar and 1 cup water, bring to clear boil; take off heat; add 1/2 tsp. maple flavoring
Marshmallows, minature
1 cup
* 10 large
Mayonnaise
(for use in salads and salad dressings)
1 cup
* 1/2 cup yogurt and 1/2 cup mayonnaise
* 1 cup sour cream

* 1 cup cottage cheese pureed in blender

Milk, buttermilk
1 cup
* 1 cup plain yogurt
Milk, buttermilk or sour
1 cup
* 1 cup minus 1 Tbsp. sweet milk and 1 Tbsp. lemon juice or vinegar (allow to stand for 5-10 minutes)
* 1 cup sweet milk and 1-3/4 tsp. cream of tartar
Milk, evaporated
(whole or skim)
1/2 cup plus 1/2 cup water
* 1 cup liquid whole milk
Milk, skim
1 cup
* 4 to 5 Tbsp. nonfat dry mild powder and enough water to make one cup, or follow manufacturer's directions
* 1/2 cup evaporated skimmed milk, plus 1/2 cup water
Milk, sweetened condensed
1 can (about 1-1/3 cup)
* Heat the following ingredients until sugar and butter are dissolved: 1/3 cup and 2 Tbsp. evaporated milk, 1 cup sugar, 3 Tbsp. butter or margarine
Milk, whole
1 cup
* 1 cup reconstituted nonfat dry milk and 2 tsp. butter or margarine
* 1/2 cup evaporated milk and 1/2 cup water
* 4 Tbsp. whole dry milk and 1 cup water, or follow manufacturer's directions
* 1/4 cup nonfat dry milk and 2 tsp. butter or margarine and 7/8 cup water
* 1 cup soy or almond milk
* 1 cup water plus 1 1/2 tsp. butter in baking
Mint leaves, fresh chopped
1/4 cup
* 1 Tbsp. dried mint leaves
Molasses
1 cup
* 3/4 cup sugar, increase liquid by 5 Tbsp., decrease baking soda by 1/2 tsp., add 2 tsp. baking powder
* 3/4 cup sugar plus 1-1/4 tsp. cream of tartar, increase liquid in recipe by 5 Tbsp.
Mushrooms
1 lb. fresh
* 3 oz. dried mushrooms plus 1-1/2 cups water
* 1 (10 oz) can
Mushrooms, powdered
1 Tbsp.
* 3 Tbsp. whole, dried mushrooms
* 4 oz. fresh
* 2 oz. canned
Mustard, dry
1 tsp.
* 1 Tbsp. prepared mustard
* 1/2 tsp. mustard seeds
Nuts
1 cup
* 1 cup rolled oats, browned (in baked products)
Oil (for sautéing)
1/4 cup
* 1/4 cup melted margarine, butter, bacon drippings, shortening, or lard
Onion, fresh
1 small
* rehydrate 1 Tbsp. instant minced onion
Onion
1 small
*1/4 cup chopped, fresh onion
* 1-1/3 tsp. onion salt
* 1-2 Tbsp. instant minced onion
* 1 tsp. onion powder
Onions, instant minced
1 Tbsp.
* 2 Tbsp. fresh onion, chopped
Onion powder
1 Tbsp.
* 1 medium onion, chopped
* 4 Tbsp. fresh chopped onion
Orange
1 medium
* 6-8 Tbsp. juice; 3/4 cup diced; 2-3 Tbsp. grated rind
Orange peel, dried
1 Tbsp.
* 2-3 tsp. grated fresh orange peel
* grated peel of 1 medium orange
* 1-1/2 tsp. orange extract
Orange peel, fresh
1 medium
* 2-3 Tbsp. grated fresh orange peel
Parsley, dried
1 tsp.
* 3 tsp. fresh parsley, chopped
Pepper, white
1 tsp.
* 1 tsp. balack pepper
Peppers, red bell
1 Tbsp. dried
* 3 Tbsp. chopped pinento
* Tbsp. red bell pepper, chopped
Peppermint, dried
1 Tbsp.
* 1/4 cup chopped fresh mint
Pimento
2 Tbsp. chopped
* rehydrate 1 Tbsp. dried red bell peppers
* 3 Tbsp. fresh red bell pepper, chopped
Pumpkin pie spice
1 tsp.
* 1/2 tsp. cinnamon, 1/4 tsp. ginger, 1/8 tsp. allspice, and 1/8 tsp. nutmeg
Rennet
1 tablet
* 1 Tbsp. liquid rennet
Rice (3 cups cooked)
1 cup regular, uncooked
* 1 cup uncooked converted rice
* 1 cup uncooked brown rice
* 1 cup uncooked wild rice
* 1 cup bulgur or pearl barley, cooked
Rum
1/4 cup
* 1 Tbsp. rum extract plus enouth liquid to make 1/4 cup
Shortening, melted
1 cup
* 1 cup cooking oil (cooking oil should not be substituted if recipe does not call for melted shortening)
Shortening solid (used in baking)
1 cup
* 1 cup cooking oil (cooking oil should not be substituted if recipe does not call for melted shortening)
Shortening, solid (used in baking)
1 cup
* 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp. lard
* 1-1/8 cups butter (decrease salt called for in recipe by 1/2 tsp.)
* cup margarine (decrease salt called for in recipe by 1/2 tsp.)
Sour cream, cultured
1 cup
* 3/4 cup sour milk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
* 3/4 cup buttermilk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
* Blend until smooth: 1/3 cup buttermilk, 1 Tbsp. lemon juice, and 1 cup cottage cheese
* 1 cup plain yogurt
* 3/4 cup milk, 3/4 tsp. lemon juice, and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
Spearmint, dried
1 Tbsp.
* 1/4 cup chopped fresh mint
Sugar, brown
1 cup firmly packed
* 1 cup granulated sugar
* 1 cup granulated sugar plus 1/4 cup unsulphured molasses
* 1/2 sup liquid brown sugar
Sugar, white
1 cup
* 1 cup corn syrup, decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/4 cup ( never replace more than 1/2 cup sugar called for in recipe with corn syrup)
* 1-1/3 cup molasses (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/3 cup)
* 1 cup powdered sugar
* 1 cup honey (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/4 cup)
* 1-3/4 cup confectioners' sugar, packed
Tapioca, granular
1 Tbsp.
* 2 Tbsp. pearl tapioca
Tapioca, quick cooking for thickening
1 Tbsp.
* 1 Tbsp. of flour
Tomatoes, canned
1 cup
* 1-1/3 cups diced tomatoes simmered 10 minutes
Tomatoes, fresh
2 cups, chopped
* (16-oz.) can
Tomatoes, packed
1 cup
* 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water
Tomato Juice
1 cup
* 1/2 cup tomato sauce and 1/2 cup water
Tomato Sauce
2 cups
* 1 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water
Tomato Soup
1 910 3/4 oz. can)
* 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/4 cup water
Vanilla Bean
1/2 bean
* 1 Tbsp. vanilla extract
Worcestershire
1 tsp.
* 1 tsp. bottled steak sauce
Yeast, active dry
1 Tbsp.
* 1 yeast cake, compressed
* 1 package active dry yeast
Yogurt, plain
1 cup
* 1 cup buttermilk
* 1 cup cottage cheese blended until smooth
* 1 cup sour cream