The ruby-throated hummingbird is the only hummingbird to breed east of the Mississippi River. These little bundles of energy lay 2 white eggs about the size of large peas. Only the female feeds the young. Nests can seldom be seen in the spring or summer, but can be found in winter after leaf fall. A nest will be about tennis ball size and is often made with lichen. Lichen is the frilly plant that grows on tree limbs and is often gray to greenish gray in color. Sweet gum trees in swampy areas seem to be popular nesting sites.

Other western species of hummingbirds such as a rufous (black chin), Cuban emerald, broad tailed Anna's, or Allan's also may be seen.

Hummingbirds are easy to attract to feeders. These little birds are attracted to red flowers, and that is why feeders have red tubes or red plastic flowers. Feeders should be put in place in early spring as flowers begin to bloom. The feeder should contain a syrup of 4 parts water and 1 part sugar. Boil the water first and store excess in the refrigerator. If it spoils, throw it out. Do not add red food coloring to the syrup. It is the color of the feeder, not the syrup, that attracts them; and there are indications it could be harmful to the birds. Disinfect the feeder with boiling water or a 15 to one bleach solution (rinse well if bleach is used) before refilling. Change mix every two days during hot weather. Add feeders if fighting gets out of hand.

Many people are concerned about when to take down the feeders. Hummingbirds will migrate when the time is right, so keep the feeders up until the birds quit using them. This may be as late as October.

Several plants will also provide good natural sources of nectar and small insects and spiders for hummingbirds. Trumpet creeper (cow itch), columbine, bee balm, sage (salvia), jewelweed, cleome, zinnia and morning glory are highly favored. Other plant possibilities include mimosa, hawthorn, azalea (late blooming), clematis, honeysuckle (red and yellow), day-lily, foxglove, fuchsia, geranium, gladiolus, larkspur, lupine, petunia, phlox and snapdragon.

Revised 2/16/2006.