International Blue Mold Reports for 2002

from the

CORESTA Blue Mould Warning Service

CORESTA, headquartered in Paris, France, has a network of expert observers servicing the regions of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. The detailed reports issued by CORESTA are given below. We wish to thank Francois Jacob, the CORESTA staff, and the international observers for their cooperation in this endeavor.

Site of Outbreak

Observation Date

Received by CORESTA

REPORT

Iran	April 4, 2002	April 8, 2002	Site: Ryhan Abad, Lamrask and Tirtash, Northern Iran (Mazandaran Province). Outbreak of blue mould with high sporulation in seedbeds of variety Basma 178-2. Treatment with Ridomil MZ. Information received from R. A. Mahtabi, Tobacco Research Institute - Tirtash (Iran). April 8, 2002. Ref. 089
Morocco	March 25, 2002	April 12, 2002	First outbreak of blue mould at the Crop Control Centre of Ouezzane, in seedbeds of dark tobacco, variety B 47, at the 4 to 5 leaf stage. Information received from H. Senhadji and A. Guedira, Regie des Tabacs (Morocco). April 12, 2002. Ref. 099
Iran	April 11, 2002	April 15, 2002	Site: Ghorogh (Golestan Province, northern Iran). Outbreak of blue mould with high sporulation in seedbeds of variety Coker 347. Treatment with Ridomil MZ. Information received from R. A. Mahtabi, Tobacco Research Institute - Tirtash (Iran). April 19, 2002. Ref. 107
Tunisia	April 15, 2002	May 24, 2002	Site: Tabarka, Fernana and Sejenane Provinces (Northern Tunisia). Light, localised outbreaks of blue mould on lower leaves of early planted dark air-cured tobacco (5-6 leaf stage). Treatment with Ridomil MZ 58. Information received from Hamadi Yahiaoul, Regie Nationale des Tabacs et Allumettes - Tunis (Tunisia). May 27, 2002. Ref. 137
Morocco	May 14, 2002	May 29, 2002	Site: Marrakech (Haouz Region). First outbreak of blue mould at the Crop Control Centre of Marrakech, in seedbeds of dark tobacco, variety B 47, at the 5 to 6 leaf stage.. Information received from H. Senhadji and A. Guedira, Regie des Tabacs (Morocco). May 31, 2002. Ref. 145
Germany	May/June, 2002	June 14, 2002	Site: Forchheim. First outbreak of blue mould on tobacco in the field at Forchheim. Further outbreaks subsequently reported at grower sites. Infected plants destroyed and tobacco treated with Ridomil TK. Situation now under control. It is believed that the blue mould infection originated from the seedlings in the seedbeds although no symptoms were apparent at transplanting. The seedlings had been treated twice with Ridomil TK at the four leaf stage and just prior to transplanting. Information received from Dr. N. Billenkamp, Landesanstalt Pflanzenbau Forchheim (Germany). June 14, 2002. Ref. 165
Poland	June 18, 2002	June 19, 2002	Site: Nowy Dzikow, Lezajsk Region. Wislica variety. Growing stage of 8-10 leaves. 1-2 leaves with lesions, averaging 8 lesions per leaf. No preventative treatment, Ridomil Gold applied after infection. Information received from Tomasz BIERUT, Universal Leaf Tobacco (Poland). June 19, 2002. Ref. 171
Poland	June 19, 2002	June 21, 2002	Site: Marcinkowice, Kazimierza Wlk Region. Milenium (dark air cured) variety. 1-2 leaves with lesions. Plants with 4-6 leaves averaging 4 lesions per leaf. Plants with 6-8 leaves averaging 5 lesions per leaf. No preventative treatment, Ridomil Gold applied after infection. Total plot area 1 ha, 10% infected. Information received from Tomasz BIERUT, Universal Leaf Tobacco (Poland). June 24, 2002. Ref. 179
Morocco	May 2, 2002	June 28, 2002	Site: Ain Cheggag, Fes Region. Burley B23 variety. Growing stage of 8-10 leaves. Average number of lesions per leaf: traces. Information received from Regie des Tabacs, Casablance, Morocco. July 1, 2002. Ref. 181
Morocco	May 6, 2002	June 28, 2002	Site: Bittit, El Hajeb Region. FCV SG28 variety. Growing stage: 6 leaves. Average number of lesions per leaf: traces. Information received from Regie des Tabacs, Casablance, Morocco. July 1, 2002. Ref. 181
France	July 2, 2002	July 4, 2002	Site: Nordhouse (Alsace). First reported outbreak in France. Spots with some sporulation at growing stage affecting 0.30 ha. Climatic conditions conducive to blue mould. No systemic symptons. Information received from the Cooperatives' Union. July 5, 2002. Ref. 184
Poland	July 8, 2002	July 15, 2002	Site: Obsza, Lublin Region. Wislica variety. Growing stage of 10 leaves. 1-4 leaves with lesions, average of 4 lesions per leaf. Preventative Treatments: Pencozeb applied June 18, Ridomil Gold applied July 2. Infected bottom leaves removed to reduce infection. Total plot area 1 ha, 10% infected. Estimated yield loss approx. 300kg. Information received from Tomasz BIERUT, Universal Leaf Tobacco (Poland). July 16, 2002. Ref. 212
Germany	NA	July 17, 2002	Site: Several sites along Rhine Valley in Baden Wurttemberg and Rhineland Palatinate. Severe blue mould outbreaks in the field. Treatment with Metalaxyl appears to be ineffective, as the blue mould infections were brought under control only after the subsequent use of Dimethomorph. Information received from Dr. N. BILLENKAMP, landesanstalt Pflanzenbau Forchheim (Germany). July 22, 2002. Ref. 215
Austria	July 17, 2002	July 19, 2002	Site: Sebersdorf, Styria (southeast Austria) region. Burley variety. Growing stage of 12-14 leaves. 2-4 leaves with lesions, average of 2-3 lesions per leaf. Preventative Treatments: Ridomil MZ 72 WP (Mancozeb + Metalaxyl) applied June 27. Same treatment applied after infection on July 17. Total plot area 0.5 ha, 10% infected. Estimated yield loss approx. 100-150 kg. Information received from Gottfried BESENHOFER, LWVIE (Austria). July 22, 2002. Ref. 215
France	July 19, 2002	July 22, 2002	Site: Alsace Region. Numerous reports of outbreaks of blue mould have been reported by the AlsaTabac Cooperative in most of the Alsace region, except in the north of the Bas-Rhin department. One plot has already been destroyed, and further plots will similarly be destroyed in the near future. Towards the end of June and beginning of July, climatic conditions were particularly favourable for the outbreak of blue mould - humid weather conducive to rapid tobacco growth. Information received from J-L AMAN, UCAPT/France Tabac (France). June 22, 2002. Ref. 217 (date of warning probably in error, likely should read July 22, 2002 instead of June 22, 2002)
Germany	NA	July 26, 2002	Site: Several sites along Rhine Valley in Baden Wurttemberg and Rhineland Palatinate, Bavaria. Blue mould outbreaks in the field. Treatment with metalaxyl and dimethomorph. Further plots will be partly destroyed in the near future. Information received from Gunther HECHLER, Bundesverband deutscher Tabakpflanzer e.V. (Germany). July 30, 2002. Ref. 220
Italy	July 24, 2002	July 29, 2002	Site: North of Umbria (Santo Stefano). Outbreak of blue mould on flue-cured varieties ITB 609, K394 and K326. Treatment with Ridomil Gold on 25 July. Situation under control. Information received from Fattoria Autonoma Tabacchi Soc. Coop. a.r.l. (Italy). July 30, 2002. Ref. 220
France	August 7, 2002	August 8, 2002	Site: Aiguillon (Aquitaine). Systemic outbreak of blue mould on the lower leaves of burley variety ITB 501 at topping stage. Three treatments with Acylon carried out before the outbreak. Information received from J-L AMAN, UCAPT/France Tabac (France). August 12, 2002. Ref. 231
France	August 7, 2002	August 7, 2002	Site: Le Poir / Vic (Pays de la Loire). Blue mould outbreak on lower leaves of burley variety ITB 501 at topping stage. Two treatments with Acylon prior to outbreak. Affected plot destroyed (0,15 ha). Information received from J-L AMAN, UCAPT/France Tabac (France). August 12, 2002. Ref. 231
France	August 8, 2002	August 20, 2002	Site: Castels (Aquitaine). Non-systemic blue mould outbreak with sporulation on burley variety ITB 501 at flowering stage, on leaf levels X, C and B. 0,99 ha plot completely infected. Information received from Cathy CHEYRON, Service Achat, France Tabac (France). August 30, 2002. Ref. 240
France	August 16, 2002	August 20, 2002	Site: Bruch (Aquitaine). Blue mould outbreak with much sporulation on burley variety TN 90 at topping stage. All leaf levels affected. Plot destroyed. Information received from Cathy CHEYRON, Service Achat, France Tabac (France). August 30, 2002. Ref. 240
France	August 16, 2002	August 20, 2002	Site: Sainte Columbe (Aquitaine). Non-systemic outbreak of blue mould, with little sporulation, on burley variety ITB 221. Budding stage. Only a small section of the plot was affected. Information received from Cathy CHEYRON, Service Achat, France Tabac (France). August 30, 2002. Ref. 240
France	August 19, 2002	August 20, 2002	Site: St Pompont (Aquitaine). Blue mould outbreak with high sporulation on all leaf levels of burley variety BB16A, after topping. Infected section of plot destroyed (0,20 ha). Information received from Cathy CHEYRON, Service Achat, France Tabac (France). August 30, 2002. Ref. 240

These reports are courtesy of CORESTA (Cooperation Centre for Scientific Research Relative to Tobacco).

Page last updated November 25, 2002.