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CRAPEMYRTLE APHID

James R. Baker and S. Bambara, Extension Entomologists

CAUTION: This information was developed for North Carolina and may not apply to other areas.

[General Information] [Biology] [Control] [Other Resources

CRAPEMYRTLE APHID, Tinocallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy), Aphididae, HOMOPTERA

General Information

aphidThe crapemyrtle aphid is sometimes a pest of crape myrtles. This tiny insect feeds by inserting slender mouthparts into leaves and sucking out sap that is rich in sugars. As they feed, aphids also inject saliva. This saliva causes pale yellow spots on the leaves. Overall plant vigor may suffer. Leaves may become distorted later as they develop. Crapemyrtle are slow, fragile insects that vary from 1/16 to 1/8 inch long. They are pale yellowish green with black spots on the abdomen.

Winged adults have dark tipped antennae and two double-pronged humps on the back. Young crape myrtle aphids resemble wingless adults although they are smaller.

Biology

aphids on underside of leafCrapemyrtle aphids were first discovered in Hawaii, though they are now known wherever crapemyrtles are grown. These aphids excrete a sweet, sticky liquid called honeydew. When aphid numbers are large, honeydew often completely coats leaves and other objects below, giving infested plants a sticky or varnished appearance. Honeydew attracts ants, flies wasps and other insects. Black, unsightly fungi called sooty mold often develops in honeydew, further disfiguring plants.

aphid eggs on stemCrapemyrtle aphids overwinter in the egg stage. The eggs hatch in April, and for the rest of the growing season crape myrtle aphids give birth to living young. The young aphids mature in about 10 days. There are several generations per year. Both winged and wingless aphids are born during the growing season. Winged forms migrate to start new colonies only on crape myrtles. The last generation of females lay the overwintering eggs.

Control

Natural enemies of crapemyrtle aphids include ladybird beetles and their larvae, green lacewings and their larvae (aphid lions), hover fly maggots, parasitic wasps, and entomophagous fungi. Sometimes these parasites and predators are not able to keep crapemyrtle aphids under control, so chemical control may be desired. The following sprays are some choices that may be used to control aphids. Insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils will have the least negative impact on beneficial insects. Sometimes two applications of an insecticide at 7- to 10-day intervals are required. Hort oils can also be applied as an early dormant spray post leafdrop.  Repeat application when needed as aphids reappear. Some formulations of acephate (Orthene) can be applied as a slurry painted onto the bark of crape myrtle.  Follow label directions.

Choose less susceptible varieties of crape myrtle (PDF).
 

Pesticide  (Trade Name)  Formulation 
acephate  (*Orthene) (Orthene TTO) others contact and systemic
*malathion  (Cythion)  56% emulsifiable conc.
fluvalinate (Mavrik)  23% aquaeous flowable
*horticultural oil various  
imidacloprid Bayer Advanced Tree & Shrub systemic
*soap, insecticidal  various   
bifenthrin  (Talstar)  10% wettable powder
endosulfan (Thiodan)  50% wettable powder
For More choices see NC Agr. Chem. Manual

* Suitable for homeowner use. 


Knox, Gary W, Russell F. Mizell III, and Daniel 0. Chellemi. 1993, Susceptibility of crape myrtle cultivars to carpe myrtle aphid and powdery mildew, Proc. 1992 southern Nurserymen's Assoc. Research Conf. 37:340-342.

Other Resources

For assistance with a specific problem, contact your local North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service.

Prepared by: James R. Baker & S. Bambara, Extension Entomologists


Published by North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service

Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Employment and program opportunities are offered to all people regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. North Carolina State University at Raleigh, North Carolina A&T State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and local governments cooperating.
© 2001 NC Cooperative Extension Service

ENT/ort-31 April 1994 (Revised) May 1997

Web page last reviewed January, 2008 by the webperson.