Gardening Note #5

Pruning Calendar for Cumberland County


MonthPlantsRemarks
January Shade trees: oaks, hickory, beech, black gum, poplar, ginkgo, etc. * Prune broken limbs. Do not prune "bleeder" trees (See JULY).
February Fruit trees: apples, pear, plum, cherry, peach, nectarine. Prune annually for best fruit production.
Grapes Prune annually so training is easier.
Summer-flowering shrubs: crepemyrtle, rose of sharon (althea), butterfly bush (buddleia) Prune if shrub-like form is desired. Cut out oldest canes to rejuvenate bush.
Ornamental grasses: liriope, pampas grass, mondo grass, etc. Optimal to trim off last year's growth before this year's growth begins.
Overgrown shrubbery: ligustrum, privet, osmanthus, photinia (red tip), holly, boxwood, cleyera Prune in late February to desired size. Rejuvenate by pruning out 1/3 of bush each year, but do not cut more than 1/3 of bush in any one year.
Camellia: japonica and sasanqua Prune anytime after flowering but not later than July 4th.
Crabapple Prune out water sprouts and out-of-shape limbs.
Southern Magnolia Little pruning needed. * Remove water sprouts.
March Roses Prune annually for best flower production.
Nandina Prune as needed. Cut oldest canes to ground. Other canes will resprout at the level you cut them.
Abelia Shape plants to desired form early in March.
Spring-flowering shrubs: spirea, lilac, forsythia, flowering quince, breath-of-spring, weigelia, etc. Prune IMMEDIATELY after flowering, but not after July 4th. In general, cut oldest limbs to ground level for constant rejuvenation of shrubs.
April Azaleas Prune AFTER flowering but never after July 4th (late pruning cuts off next year's blossoms).
Winter-damaged plants Cut out any cold-damaged branches at the end of the month.
Berry-producing shrubs: hollies, pyracantha, etc. Prune while in flower to prevent removal of all berries. Shape to desired form.
Spring-flowering trees Prune only as needed, immediately after blooming.
May Rhododendron Prune after flowering, never after July 4th. Always prune to a whorl or leaves or to the next branch.
Hedges: privet, abelia, holly, euonymus, boxwood, etc. Prune as desired, always make top narrower than bottom.
June Narrow-leafed evergreens: hemlock, white pine, juniper, arborvitae, yew Prune late in June and only into new growth; brown wood will not regenerate greenery.
Gardenias Prune immediately after bloom, not after July 4th.
Perennials: phlox, shasta daisies, daylilies Remove old flowers to encourage re-bloom.
Chrysanthemums Pinch out growth tips to make bushier plants, discontinue pinching around July 15.
Hydrangea: French or florist Prune while flowering or immediately after. Don't wait for last blossom to fade before pruning.
Fruit trees Remove water sprouts.
July-August "Bleeder" trees: maple, birch, elms, dogwoods Prune damaged limbs or trim as desired. Dogwoods: prune only with indication, best left in natural shape.
Roses Prune leggy plants only and fertilize after pruning for fall flowering.
Hedges As needed, keep bottom wider than top.
Brambles: blackberry, raspberry Prune out the wood that bore fruit, cutting canes to ground level.
September to December Any plants DO NOT PRUNE shrubs in late summer/early fall. Pruning stimulates new growth which may not have time to harden off before frost. You may remove any deadwood from shrubs or trees.
Weed trees and brush Remove any underbrush now when it is easiest to see.
Holly, nandina, pyracantha Use berries in Christmas decorations.
Take a rest until January!!

* Note: Some trees should be allowed to have their limbs grow to the ground (sweep): southern magnolia, deodara cedar, american holly, hemlock, and white pine.

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This page was compiled by Cumberland County Master Gardeners.
This page was created using the Durham Master Gardener Homepage as a model. Our thanks to them and especially to Pauline Marx, Pam Reading and Eileen Lowenbach.
This page Created: 03/13/98
Revised on 05/07/98